are approaches that start out from the general notion of a law of nature, then define the ideas of necessary and sufficient nomological conditions, and, finally, employ the latter concepts to explain what it is for one state of affairs to cause another . Second, there are approaches that employ subjunctive conditionals in an attempt to give a counterfactual analysis of causation. Third, there are probabilistic approaches, where the central idea is that a cause must, in some way, make its effect more like Each of these three types of approaches faces difficulties specific to it. The attempt to analyze causation in terms of nomological conditions, for example, is hard pressed to provide any account of the direction of causation鈥攁 problem that quickly becomes evident when one notices that one state of affairs may be a nomologically sufficient condition for another either because the former is causally sufficient for the latter, or because, on the contrary, the latter is causally necessary for the former. In the case of counterfactual approaches to causation, a crucial problem is that traditional analyses of subjunctive conditionals employ causal notions. Alternative accounts have been proposed, involving similarity relations over possible worlds. But these alternative accounts are exposed to decisive objections. Finally, there are also specific problems for probabilistic accounts, two of which are especially important. First, probabilistic accounts have struggled to find an interpretation of their central claim鈥攖hat causes must, in some way, make their effects more likely鈥攖hat is not open to counterexamples. Second, probabilistic approaches to causation typically involve the very counterintuitive consequence that a completely deterministic world could not contain any causally related events.Economists %26amp; critical thinkers tell me what u think. Can someone explain the Environmental Kuznets Curve?To better answer your essay question, you might use a simple theory called the 'tragedy of the commons'. It is an economic principle based on the fact that if there is private ownership in the environment (or resource) that it will be used in a more sustainable fashion. It continues to show that if there is a 'public' or 'common' resource, or area, then people will generally try to get all that they can from that resource, while they can still do so. Most resources do not last in this fashion.
Thursday, February 16, 2012
Economists & critical thinkers tell me what u think. Can someone explain the Environmental Kuznets Curve?
I'm writing an essay. The question is: How are economic development and environmental quality related? What institutional frameworks will allow individuals in the developing world to solve environmental problems and eradicate poverty?In doing research,I became familiar with the concept of the Environmental Kuznets Curve. One of the ideas of the EKC theory(in general terms)means that as the amount of improved air increases so does the amount of income in a given economy. To also accept this theory you would also accept that environmental degragation in an economy is inevitable, when a certain level of per capita income is reached, economic growth helps undo damage done, and policies that stimulate growth should be good for the enviroment.As a critical thinker I don't like the statment: policies that stimulate growth should be good for the environment. As an economics student, it seems they are confusing association with causation. What do you think?Economists %26amp; critical thinkers tell me what u think. Can someone explain the Environmental Kuznets Curve?Three types of approaches are, however, especially important. First, there
are approaches that start out from the general notion of a law of nature, then define the ideas of necessary and sufficient nomological conditions, and, finally, employ the latter concepts to explain what it is for one state of affairs to cause another . Second, there are approaches that employ subjunctive conditionals in an attempt to give a counterfactual analysis of causation. Third, there are probabilistic approaches, where the central idea is that a cause must, in some way, make its effect more like Each of these three types of approaches faces difficulties specific to it. The attempt to analyze causation in terms of nomological conditions, for example, is hard pressed to provide any account of the direction of causation鈥攁 problem that quickly becomes evident when one notices that one state of affairs may be a nomologically sufficient condition for another either because the former is causally sufficient for the latter, or because, on the contrary, the latter is causally necessary for the former. In the case of counterfactual approaches to causation, a crucial problem is that traditional analyses of subjunctive conditionals employ causal notions. Alternative accounts have been proposed, involving similarity relations over possible worlds. But these alternative accounts are exposed to decisive objections. Finally, there are also specific problems for probabilistic accounts, two of which are especially important. First, probabilistic accounts have struggled to find an interpretation of their central claim鈥攖hat causes must, in some way, make their effects more likely鈥攖hat is not open to counterexamples. Second, probabilistic approaches to causation typically involve the very counterintuitive consequence that a completely deterministic world could not contain any causally related events.Economists %26amp; critical thinkers tell me what u think. Can someone explain the Environmental Kuznets Curve?To better answer your essay question, you might use a simple theory called the 'tragedy of the commons'. It is an economic principle based on the fact that if there is private ownership in the environment (or resource) that it will be used in a more sustainable fashion. It continues to show that if there is a 'public' or 'common' resource, or area, then people will generally try to get all that they can from that resource, while they can still do so. Most resources do not last in this fashion.renova
are approaches that start out from the general notion of a law of nature, then define the ideas of necessary and sufficient nomological conditions, and, finally, employ the latter concepts to explain what it is for one state of affairs to cause another . Second, there are approaches that employ subjunctive conditionals in an attempt to give a counterfactual analysis of causation. Third, there are probabilistic approaches, where the central idea is that a cause must, in some way, make its effect more like Each of these three types of approaches faces difficulties specific to it. The attempt to analyze causation in terms of nomological conditions, for example, is hard pressed to provide any account of the direction of causation鈥攁 problem that quickly becomes evident when one notices that one state of affairs may be a nomologically sufficient condition for another either because the former is causally sufficient for the latter, or because, on the contrary, the latter is causally necessary for the former. In the case of counterfactual approaches to causation, a crucial problem is that traditional analyses of subjunctive conditionals employ causal notions. Alternative accounts have been proposed, involving similarity relations over possible worlds. But these alternative accounts are exposed to decisive objections. Finally, there are also specific problems for probabilistic accounts, two of which are especially important. First, probabilistic accounts have struggled to find an interpretation of their central claim鈥攖hat causes must, in some way, make their effects more likely鈥攖hat is not open to counterexamples. Second, probabilistic approaches to causation typically involve the very counterintuitive consequence that a completely deterministic world could not contain any causally related events.Economists %26amp; critical thinkers tell me what u think. Can someone explain the Environmental Kuznets Curve?To better answer your essay question, you might use a simple theory called the 'tragedy of the commons'. It is an economic principle based on the fact that if there is private ownership in the environment (or resource) that it will be used in a more sustainable fashion. It continues to show that if there is a 'public' or 'common' resource, or area, then people will generally try to get all that they can from that resource, while they can still do so. Most resources do not last in this fashion.
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